Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, generalised or systemic hypersensitivity reaction.

Anaphylaxis is highly likely if these criteria are met:

  • Sudden onset and rapid progression of symptoms

  • Life-threatening Airway and/or Breathing and/or Circulation problems

  • Associated skin and/or mucosal changes often happen (flushing, urticaria, angioedema)

Top Tip!

  • Skin or mucosal changes alone are not a sign of an anaphylactic reaction – they can be subtle or absent in up to 20% of reactions (some patients can have only a decrease in blood pressure, i.e. a circulation sign)

  • Vasovagal, panic attacks, hyperventilation, non – allergic urticaria/angioedema can be confused as anaphylaxis.

Causes of anaphylaxis:

  • Certain foods are common – particularly shellfish and nuts

  • Medication including antibiotics, anaesthetic agents or radiographic contrast media

  • Insect venom / bee stings

  • Environmental allergens - pollen, mould, dust mites

  • Latex

  • Anaphylaxis Assessment

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  • Anaphylaxis Management

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