Basic anatomy and physiology:

The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).

The CNS consists of the brain with its cranial nerves and spinal cord. The brain is a complex organ, it is often called the control centre of the body. It receives information almost continuously through our senses of sight, touch, hearing, smell and taste. The brain regulates many of our bodily functions, our speech, movement and our memories. 

The brain has a rich blood supply, it is also surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which circulates through channels around the spinal cord and brain.

 

Patients with a raised intracranial pressure can present with different symptoms including:

  • Severe headache

  • Blurred vision

  • Vomiting

  • Changes in speech

  • Behavioural changes

  • Changes with balance, gait or ability to move

  • Reduced level of consciousness